Metallographic & Metallurgical Studies
Request a quote completely free of charge or if you feel ready submit your request and we will serve you immediately.
The laboratory of Metallography performs metallographic studies of a wide range of metals, with emphasis on steels. These studies comprise of the characterization of microstructures using methods such as stereoscopy, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Besides phase identification and morphology, a series of quantitative measurements are performed using modern image analysis techniques and the advanced software suite Olympus Stream: grain size measurements, phase fraction and inclusion content measurements, cast iron graphite size, distribution and morphology measurements, porosity and coating thickness measurements. Among the metallographic studies, macro-structure characterization is included when necessary: e.g. examination of forged products for flow lines.
Using the scanning electron microscope EDX detector, chemical analyses are also performed (spot analysis, linescans, maps of chemical elements distribution) to assist with the microstructural characterization. Such analyses are also critical in failure analysis studies. Additionally, surface topography studies are conducted on the SEM.
The Struers Structure Expert Weld instrument (with its associated software) is used for the study of weld joints (macro- & micro- structures), in accordance with the standard requirements of welder and procedure qualification: (1) detection of defects within the weldment, (2) measurement of characteristic quantities such as the weld toe size and angle, cap size, root penetration, weld thickness, leg length of fillet welds, etc.
The laboratory of Metallography possesses significant experience in the failure analysis of metallic materials. Characteristic examples are boiler tube failures, steam, water or oil pipeline, fatigue fractures of components, etc.
Steel identification studies are regularly performed using the combined results of microstructural studies, chemical analyses, and mechanical properties measurements. This identification allows the quality control of procured parts against specifications, enables the determination of the grade of materials used in machinery, and gives valuable data for reverse engineering purposes.
The laboratory conducts hardness (Brinell, Vickers, Rockell) and microhardness (Vickers, Knoop) measurements, for the purpose of mechanical properties determination of metals and their welds. Conformity with specifications is evaluated when parts are procured, and quality control of welds is performed regarding the hardness of the heat-affected zone and the weld metal. The microhardness indenter includes an automated stage, allowing fast and accurate measurement of the surface hardening (case) depth in heat-treated steel parts, as well as the determination of the decarburization zone depth.
The technicians and engineers of the Metallography lab conduct extended on-site measurements and tests. Such sites are mines, power plants, constructor premises, etc. Dedicated portable equipment is used for:
Finally, the laboratory of Metallography offers welding inspection services (PCN, CSWIP certified inspectors), as well as welding engineer and testing selection consultation services.